The Chips Are Down

Here’s What You Need To Know

Most Americans don’t think about the nation’s supply chain, but recently, they’ve discovered the consequences of its fragility. Shortages on important technology, like microchips, have driven up the prices of everything from cars to computers – if they’re even in stock – and experts predict it will take years for the marketplace to recover. While automobiles and the latest tech gadgets might be top-of-mind for the chip crisis, Goldman Sachs says the shortage has affected at least 169 industries, including the solar sector, household appliances, and even Fido’s grooming.

COVID-19 presented obvious challenges to America’s supply chain, but so, too, did lesser-known factors. These issues, unlike COVID, may persist for years, complicating efforts to replenish our tech materials supply and increasing costs for businesses and consumers. Public policy plays a key role in rectifying the problem, but many in and out of government are skeptical about getting involved. Here’s what industry public affairs professionals need to know.

The Pandemic Exposed Weak Links in Our Supply Chain That Will Take Years To Fix

CORONAVIRUS CHAOS: While the global marketplace screeched to a halt as public safety became the world’s foremost concern, consumer demand for products requiring microchips skyrocketed. Manufacturers did not anticipate the growth in electronic sales, which was the highest in a decade thanks to a new work-from-home reality, as well as limited recreational possibilities during lockdowns heightening demand for “home entertainment gadgets.” Meanwhile, car companies, concerned homebound Americans would curtail demand, canceled microchip orders, only to discover rapidly rebounding sales with pandemic-friendly road trips and an eventual return to normal. But, when they went to place orders for new microchips, they found themselves at the end of the line, behind more profitable sectors. Meanwhile, nationwide lockdowns shut down or reduced activity at key chip production facilities in places like Taiwan, responsible for around two-thirds the world’s microchips, and Malaysia, where a number of German and Japanese firms manufacture semiconductors and related electronic components.

MOTHER NATURE STRIKES SUPPLY CHAIN: The past year also saw “acts of God” disrupting the global microchip supply chain. Texas’s February 2021 winter storms forced Samsung, Infineon, and NXP to shut down their chip manufacturing due to lack of power. Then, a massive drought in Taiwan reduced global production, as chip manufacturers “require[d] voluminous quantities of water to churn out chips” amidst the island nation’s worst water shortage in 56 years. An enormous fire in March 2021 at Renesas, one of the world’s leading auto chip makers in Japan, only worsened the shortage, with executives estimating it would take up to four months to come back online. Just one month earlier, Renesas’s factory had sustained damage from an earthquake.

America’s Microchip Shortage Isn’t Merely Another Painful Byproduct of the Pandemic. It’s Also Policy Consequence.

OFFSHORE TRADE OFF: While Western firms offshoring production of microchips has meant cheaper products for consumers, it also concentrated the supply chain in East Asia, leaving critical materials abroad. Today, Taiwan generates 65 percent of all global revenues for outsourced chips. Just one Taiwanese company, TrendForce, is responsible for more than half of the world’s semiconductor supply, including 80 percent of microcontroller units that direct car functions like power windows, braking, and headlights, and 92 percent of the world’s most sophisticated chips, including 1.4 billion smartphone processors. Since 1990, the U.S. share of global chip manufacturing fell from 37 percent to just 12 percent, even as half of all companies were headquartered in America. The Semiconductor Industry Association says that without significant government intervention, the U.S. will soon only maintain 6 percent of the world’s chip manufacturing capacity.

CHINA READIES FOR DOMINATION: In December 2020, America announced sanctions on China’s largest chip manufacturer over links to the Chinese military. Chinese firms responded by stockpiling chips for their own use – a sign of what looms on the horizon. The Semiconductor Industry Association warns China is on track to become the world’s largest microchip manufacturing location by 2030. An American adversary, policymakers see Chinese domination in the tech market as not only an economic threat to the U.S., but also a major security concern. Today, China controls 40 percent of the world’s back-end manufacturing, and while the country currently lags in new innovation, it is increasingly adept at copying the works of others and has invested heavily in building a domestic semiconductor industry.

President Biden and Congress Want To Help, but Some Legislators and Activists Aren’t So Sure Industry Deserves It

LEGISLATION WITH LEGS: In June 2021, the U.S. Senate passed with a large bipartisan majority the United States Innovation and Competition Act (USICA), a $250 billion bill “designed to boost U.S. semiconductor production.” It contains the CHIPS for America Act, allocating $52 billion for domestic semiconductor manufacturing, including $2 billion for “legacy chips” found in the most common automobiles. U.S. Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo estimates that between 7 and 10 new semiconductor plants will be built as a result of USICA’s passage, generating at least $150 billion in private sector investment. The legislation awaits action in the U.S. House of Representatives.

BIDEN WEIGHS IN: After a 100-day review, the Biden Administration offered its list of recommendations for fortifying the semiconductor industry. In its brief, The White House argued the “private sector must take the lead” but said the U.S. government can “facilitate the information flow between semiconductor producers and suppliers and end users.” President Biden says he wants urgent legislative action taken, calling on American corporations to bring their manufacturing home and arguing it would be better for jobs and national security if they did. His administration has also begun mediating talks among chipmakers and the industrial sectors suffering from the shortages, with officials insisting that new transparency measures will make things easier. But, industry leaders say they’re still frustrated by the lack of details or deadlines for production.

SKEPTICS ACROSS THE IDEOLOGICAL SPECTRUM: While industry embraces legislative proposals to address the problem, there are activists raising concerns – and lawmakers are paying attention. Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.), who voted against USICA, accused lawmakers of giving a bailout to offshoring manufacturers. Environmental activists also expressed worries, complaining that any new manufacturing would lead to more carbon emissions. On the right, Sen. Pat Toomey (R-Penn.) said he opposed the legislation because it was Chinese-style central economic planning, while Sen. Rick Scott (R-Fla.) argued America could not afford more debt. Media outlets and think tanks also spoke out against it, with Reason arguing it was a “massive handout” and the Hudson Institute explaining it would put America at a disadvantage in the long run. Even the business-friendly Wall Street Journal is skeptical it would make a difference.

While some lawmakers and Biden officials want to encourage domestic investments to help address challenges causing chip shortages, others in and out of government are skeptical – upset by industry offshoring in the first place, concerned about industry’s environmental impact, and disinclined toward industrial policy and corporate subsidies. Public affairs professionals will have to understand and navigate this scrutiny to ensure the industry can leverage the policy opportunities to address the shortages and satisfy consumer demand.

What To Expect as the Clock Approaches Midnight

Here’s What You Need To Know

These last two months of the Trump Administration have been very different than what the country is accustomed to seeing during a presidential transition period, with serious and weighty issues at hand when it comes to the peaceful transition of power that is a cornerstone of our democracy. While industries and public affairs professionals continue to monitor the developments of this past week, they must also be aware of last-minute regulatory changes being finalized by federal agencies that will have implications long past President Trump’s departure on January 20th.

These so-called “midnight rules” are typical of outgoing administrations, and set the debate for key industry sectors going into the next presidential term, even if they end up being suspended, challenged, or rolled back in what we’ve previously referred to as “the next match of regulatory ping pong.” Across a wide range of sectors, here’s what public affairs professionals  need to know to prepare for these rules:

  • Environmental Issues: The Trump Administration has made a concerted effort over the last four years to roll-back Obama-era regulatory burdens on the energy industry that were aimed at addressing climate change. These efforts have continued during the Administration’s final days, with the Environmental Protection Agency this week finalizing a Scientific Transparency Rule that limits the type of research the agency can use by “giv[ing] greater consideration to studies where the underlying dose-response data are available in a manner sufficient for independent validation.” The EPA also recently codified changes to the Clean Air Act that takes the economic impact of proposed regulations into greater consideration and has declined to increase soot emission regulations, despite pressures from environmentalist organizations.
  • Energy Policy: In a move to capitalize on domestic production of natural gas, the Energy Department finalized a rule that clarifies the department does not need to conduct reviews under the National Environmental Policy Act before approving LNG export facilities. However, not all of the Administration’s last-minute rules are welcome news for the oil and gas industry. Following a court decisionputting the existing Nationwide Permit (NWP) 12 in jeopardy, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is set to finalize a rule updating the Nationwide Permit program, splitting out oil and gas infrastructure from other utility infrastructure that previously used NWP 12 for Clean Water Act permitting. According to analysts at ClearView Energy Partners, the decision to split pipelines may make it easier for the Biden Administration to remove oil and natural gas pipelines from the NWP program altogether.
  • Healthcare: As we noted in our last TL;DR, the Trump Administration recently finalized the Most Favored Nations rule in an attempt to lower drug prices. However, a United States District Court has already issued a nationwide injunction on the order that was set to go into effect on January 1st. While the Administration faced a setback on this rule, it is still trying to lock in what it has already done to reform Medicare and the Affordable Care Act (aka Obamacare). In an effort to cement its legacy of cutting regulatory red tape, the Department of Health and Human Services is currently considering a proposed sunset regulation that would set expirations on new and existing HHS regulations. This would require a review of the regulations ten years after they are put in place and ensure they remain properly constructed and have not proven overly burdensome to the economy.
  • Labor And Employment: Independent contractors were thrust into the national spotlight the past two years as California passed Assembly Bill 5 to reshape the gig economy and Californians passed Proposition 22 to exempt many workers from that reshaping. On Wednesday, the U.S. Department of Labor issued a final rule clarifying what constitutes a an employee versus an independent contractor, relaxing the Fair Labor Standards Act’s definition if favor of an “economic reality” test that examines two “core factors” to determine what meets the standard of an independent contractor.
  • Financial Services: In another significant ruling, the Department of Labor has made it more difficult for pension managers to consider anything other than financial factors when it comes to choosing investments, an effort aimed at discouraging environmental and social impact considerations that recently became popular among financial institutions in response to public interest in social impact. Meanwhile, the Office of the Comptroller of Currency has been aggressively trying to finalize the Fair Access to Financial Services rule that would block banks with more than $100 billion in assets from “red-lining” politically disfavored industries such as gun manufacturers and oil companies.

The incoming Biden Administration has already vowed to issue a memo on Inauguration day freezing or delaying any midnight regulations the Trump Administration has put forward. Incoming White House spokeswoman Jen Psaki specifically said the Administration will target Labor’s independent contractor rule, stating that “if it takes effect, the rule will make it easier to misclassify employees.” Beyond the power of the pen, President-elect Biden also will now have the ability to utilize the Congressional Review Act (CRA) thanks to his party’s victories in Georgia’s U.S. Senate runoff elections earlier this week. CRA allows Congress to review and reverse recent (de)regulation efforts, and could leave public affairs professionals and industry leaders scrambling to both ends of Pennsylvania Avenue trying to reduce the uncertainty around which rules will survive. As the current Administration winds down and the new one takes office, the research and monitoring teams at Delve stand by to ensure you have an information advantage.

Bridges, Broadband, and Batteries

Here’s What You Need To Know

As the dust settles on the election results, it is clear that regardless of the outcomes in the Georgia Senate runoffs, President-elect Biden will face the most closely divided government in 20 years, with the thinnest margins separating the parties in Congress since President Bush took office in 2000. Similar to the forthcoming 117th Congress, in 2001, the 107th Congress had a 9-seat majority in the House and an evenly divided Senate (until Jim Jeffords switched parties in May of 2001).

At first, this division seems like a uniquely challenging circumstance that will ensure continued gridlock, but history suggests that may not be the case on every issue. Indeed, closely divided government has been the norm over the past four decades, which has seen only four instances of one-party controlled government. Through all of those presidencies – even the vitriolic past four years – major legislation became law when there was cross partisan agreement on a solution to an issue that had an existing coalition of support. We saw this sort of bipartisan compromise for major legislation in 2001with No Child Left Behind, in 2012 with the JOBS Act, and most recently with 2020’s Great American Outdoors Act.

This history suggests Biden will have an opportunity to pass major legislation in his first two years in office, but what issue fits the criteria for success? While Infrastructure Week has become a running joke in Washington, infrastructure investment could provide such an opportunity for major bipartisan legislation. Whether infrastructure spending proves to be Groundhog Day for obstruction or Ground Zero for compromise depends on what the definition of infrastructure is. Here’s what you need to know to leverage this opportunity:

Is There an on Ramp for Roads and Bridges?

Earlier this fall, Congress once again punted on a long-term surface transportation spending bill. In September, after facing pressure by many leaders in the transportation industry, Congress passed a one-year funding extension for the Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act. The extension for this Obama era bill included over $13 billion for the Highway Trust Fund and provided some certainty to states and municipalities grappling with budget shortfalls stemming from the pandemic. Hopes of a long-term reauthorization bill – which is required every five years after the last bill is passed – faded when Republicans balked at the Democrats’ $494 billion highway bill that passed the House over the summer. The main source of contention was inclusion of measures to address climate and environmental concerns.

Little is likely to change in the forthcoming Congress, as the House will continue its climate push and the debate over how to pay for the bill remains unsettled. The gas tax revenue that traditionally funds highway projects under the law has dwindled as CAFE standards lead to more fuel efficient vehicles and more hybrids and electric vehicles hit the road. That means companies and industries hoping to see infrastructure investment pass Congress will need to get creative about where such investments might focus.

Can the Digital Divide Bring Washington Together?

In his campaign plan to “Build Back Better,” President-elect Biden noted, “As the COVID-19 crisis has revealed, Americans everywhere need universal, reliable, affordable, and high-speed internet to do their jobs, participate equally in remote school learning and stay connected.” Biden pledged, “This digital divide needs to be closed everywhere, from lower-income urban schools to rural America …” The pandemic has indeed exposed and exacerbated the digital divide for both online learning to remote working, with tens of millions of Americans in both rural areas and urban centers lacking the internet connectivity to log on and join their peers. This challenge provides a unique cross-partisan opportunity for lawmakers to build an urban/rural coalition to bring high speed internet access to underserved communities. In addition to President-elect Biden’s plan, Senators John Cornyn (R-TX) and Joe Manchin (D-WV) have introduced the Eliminate the Digital Divide Act.

Delivering high-speed broadband to underserved urban and rural communities would positively impact agriculture, healthcare and educational outcomes while opening up more opportunities for more workers to work remotely. Of course, reaching bipartisan agreement on the goal does not mean the debate is settled. From how to pay for broadband rollout, to whether a return of net neutrality rules discouraging private sector investment, to what equipment can or should be used in 5G networks – not to mention by whom and how those networks should be built – remain to be settled. 

The Energy Transition Has To Be Built Before It Can Happen.

President-elect Biden has made clear he will move aggressively to address climate change in his Administration. While much of those plans will face opposition from Republicans – and even some Democrats – on Capitol Hill, some of his plans may find bipartisan agreement. Biden’s vow to add 500,000 public charging stations for electric vehicles to highways and roads across the nation provides business opportunities for EV manufacturers, utilities, and charging equipment and service companies. These private sector entities are all hoping to lead the way in filling the “range anxiety” inducing void of charging stations across much of the country. However, regulators have to let them do it. Meanwhile, efforts to phase out internal combustion vehicles have begun cropping up. In California, Governor Gavin Newsom recently signed an executive order that prohibits the sale of new internal combustion vehicles in the Golden State after 2035, and regulators in New Jersey recently recommended the state adopt similar measures. However, such moves require enough places to “fill up” citizens’ EVs.

Beyond his plan to accelerate the nation’s transition to electric vehicles, Biden has emphasized his ambitious plan to invest heavily in renewable energy infrastructure for both economic stimulus and emissions reductions. Such plans could be hindered by Republican skepticism as well as progressive demands. Renewable infrastructure requires a range of approvals, like any other such project, and Biden will face progressive pressure to return environmental regulations that were reduced by the Trump Administration to ease infrastructure reviews and approvals. In addition, renewables such as wind and solar remain intermittent power sources requiring peak demand support from natural gas powered plants and other existing energy fuel sources until such time as battery storage technology can mature. As Sen. Lisa Murkowski (R-AK) has signaled, while Republicans seek to protect domestic oil and natural gas production, they could support federal spending to boost research and development of wind and solar technologies, as well as investments in smart grid and electric vehicle infrastructure. However, such support is likely to require the Biden Administration to recognize some of these realities. 

Success Doesn’t Happen by Accident.

As we approach the next Congress, savvy public affairs professionals are preparing for the coalitions of strange bedfellows that may emerge to reach a bipartisan consensus on key legislation. Shaping the debate to advance your infrastructure initiatives means understanding the full range of stakeholders involved in policy discussions while mapping out the operating landscape to gauge potential emerging consensus. As always, Delve is here to provide the insights you need to see around the corner and anticipate any risks or opportunities.

Grab Your Paddle. More Regulatory Ping-Pong Is Coming.

“In a range of large industries — technology, energy, resources, financial services, transportation, trade — the regulatory situation is volatile and prone to significant change,” senior leaders from PricewaterhouseCoopers recently declared. Leave it to accountants to make what could be an understatement of the year. Over the past several decades, the federal government has grown to an unprecedented size, with Americans and U.S. businesses now contending with a $2 trillion regulatory burden each year, equal to 12 percent of overall domestic spending. Adding to that burden is ongoing regulatory uncertainty whose economic repercussions are bad for American families and businesses, holding up key business deals and even restricting Americans’ access to credit.

Indeed, well before the pandemic hit, regulatory fights had intensified, with many rules remaining unsettled and continuously litigated between administrations based on the policy preferences and political expectations from their supporters and allies. In response, each administration’s opponents turn to the judicial system and court public pressure to delay or throw out new rules or changes they don’t like. The result, as a National Association of Manufacturers’ study of business leaders found, is regulatory instability that hurts U.S. competitiveness internationally and economic growth at home.

While forward-thinking public affairs professionals are gearing up for the “mad dash” of the transition period following the November election, they must also prepare for the next match of regulatory ping pong on key labor and healthcare rules in the coming administration. Here’s what you need to know to get ready:

State of Play: With more financial backing and an expanded ability to activate supporters than ever before, an ever-broadening range of advocacy and interest groups can relentlessly litigate rules and regulations – shifting seamlessly from influencing a sympathetic administration to doing battle against the next if it’s hostile to their views. As the PwC leaders wrote, “Many organizations have found that these shifts impact their industry, the specific markets in which they operate, and the general environment for business.” Unfortunately for these businesses caught amid never-settled rules, “hiding under a rock is not a suitable option.”

Labor Loops: Labor standards are among the most ostensible ways that the federal government affects the day-to-day life of working Americans, and as such, are often a top priority for presidential administrations. After just 10 days in office, President Barack Obama rolled back three significant Bush era labor regulations to make it easier for unions, who had strongly backed his presidential bid, to organize. When President Trump took office eight years later, he began an overhaul of these and other major rules enacted by the Obama Administration, none of which remain fully settled if outside interests have their way next year. These include:

  • Among the more contentious of these reversals were the Trump Administration’s actions on the Persuader Rule, created by the Obama White House to force businesses to disclose to the federal government any firms they hired to help in negotiations with organized labor. The National Federal of Independent Business fought the rule in court, arguing that it compromised businesses’ ability to confidentially interact with their legal counsel. When a federal court judge in Texas blocked the regulation from taking effect in 2016, the Trump Administration formally rescinded it in June 2017, calling it a win for the “rights of Americans to ask a question of their attorney without mandated disclosure to the government,” while the leftwing Economic Policy Institute condemned it as a “huge blow to workers’ abilities to negotiate for better treatment on the job,” reaffirming that the two political parties couldn’t be farther apart on the issue.
  • Meanwhile, overtime regulations continue to be caught in the back-and-forth of presidential transitions. According to the Department of Labor, businesses are exempt from paying overtime if their workers are considered “white collar” and make above a certain pay threshold. The Obama Administration more than doubled this cap and enacted a rule that included an automatic update provision increasing it every three years. The business community largely opposed this regulation, as it would have been costly to deem between 2.8 million and 4.2 million more workers eligible for overtime. A coalition of states and business groups opposed the measure, filing suit in district court asking for a preliminary injunction to halt the implementation of the rules. A judge agreed, deciding the Obama Administration overstepped its authority in its rulemaking. With an appeal pending, the Trump Administration updated the regulations in a way that would expand benefits but scale back the number of qualified workers to just 1.3 million. While business leaders heralded it as a major achievement, union conglomerates, like the AFL-CIO, called it a “pay cut for working people” that would compound over time.
  • The National Labor Relations Board, which adjudicates major labor disputes on behalf of the federal government, typically changes control of its five-person board when a president appoints a new representative to fill a five-year term. Currently, there’s a 3-2 majority for the GOP, which recently ruled against “micro-unions,” a multitude of smaller labor groups within the same company that many corporations say make it impossible for them to negotiate unified terms among their employees. Democrats and their progressive allies are strong proponents of micro-unions, as they help expand labor union control in workplaces. If party control shifts, the panel could greenlight micro-unions again, costing industries billions of dollars in new administrative costs.
  • The Joint Employer Rule remains one of the most controversial in labor policy, as it affects upwards of 14 million American workers. In February 2020, the Trump Administration reinstated the decades-old joint employer standard under the National Labor Relations Act that “an entity can only be a joint employer if it actually exercises control over the essential terms and conditions of another employer’s employees.” This rule overturned one created by the Obama Administration that many believed unfairly targeted franchise businesses or those who outsource services, like cleaning and maintenance. The International Franchise Association (IFA), for example, argued that the Obama rule would cost upwards of $33 billion in annual compliance costs and remove 376,000 job opportunities. Labor activists have fought hard against the Trump reversal alongside important allies, including blue state attorneys general like New York’s Attorney General Letitia James. James demanded the Trump Administration stop the implementation of the new rule, while the IFA and other business coalitions joined forces to oppose these efforts. In early September, a Manhattan-based federal judge agreed with the demands of the state AGs, halting the implementation of the Department of Labor’s new test. The Trump Administration has vowed to continue fighting for it, though a Biden Administration would likely return to the Obama era standard that drew the ire of a range of business advocates, who would certainly once again fight a standard they view as unfair and burdensome.

The Fight That Will Never End. Perhaps one of the greatest regulatory uncertainties for businesses’ labor practices is the disjointed implementation of Obamacare. Much of President Obama’s landmark legislation is applied via regulation, which makes key provisions easily reversible once a new administration takes office. The Trump Administration has undone many foundational components of the law, such as the contraceptive mandate, which forced all employers to provide birth control and abortion coverage in their employees’ health care plans, and the individual mandate, which required all eligible Americans to carry health insurance policies. They also reduced the open enrollment period from 90 days to 45, while ending cost-sharing reduction payments and enacting new Medicaid work requirements. Whether via executive action, legislative overhauls with Republican Congressional leaders, or defending their positions in court, the Trump Administration has sought to dismantle sizable portions of Obamacare piece-by-piece, leaving businesses constantly adapting to an ever-changing regulatory environment in health care policy. Even a decade later, many of these fights have only just begun, with activists are vowing to reinstate provisions the Trump Administration has removed, while the presidential campaigns are making it a centerpiece of their electoral efforts – and courts at every level will continue to hear cases about different aspects of the law.

Competitive Intelligence Is Your Spin Move: On each of the aforementioned issues, public affairs professionals must face not only their ideological opponents on key matters but also activists mobilized to stand in their way. No longer can industries wait to find out who is going to be in office in a few months. Instead, they must lay the groundwork among policymakers, interest groups, and aligned industry organizations, understanding that a regulation they support or oppose could end up in the crossfire of other political fighting or draw unprecedented attention from those who wish to thwart their aims. To navigate this uncertainty, competitive intelligence is key. It is not enough to have a few ideas about what an organization wants to see in an administration’s regulatory policy, or even to be closely allied with the decisionmaker. Public affairs professionals need to know far more if they want to prevail: who is on which teams, what their motivations may be, what their tactics are, and how they connect and collaborate with policymakers and other stakeholders. Delve can give you the intelligence advantage to prepare for tomorrow’s matches today – and win.

If the Future of Work Is Remote, When Will Policymakers Login?

Here’s What You Need To Know

Coronavirus has changed so much about how we live our lives – and many of those life modifications just may turn out to be permanent. Perhaps the most significant of these changes is the shift among businesses to allow more work to be done remotely. While time-honored traditions like the business lunch may return, many Americans are eager to cling to one particular aspect of the new way of working: teleworking. In fact, 6 in 10 respondents told Gallup pollsters they’d like to continue working from home after the coronavirus crisis is over.

As companies become more comfortable with allowing telework, however, they are finding a surprising reality welcoming them. While some of those surprises are pleasant, such as the increased productivity of remote workers and greater flexibility for parents balancing work with “Zoom school,” there are also unpleasant surprises as companies learn more about the confusing tangle of state and local regulations and unexpected costs awaiting them when employees can work from anywhere.

So before public affairs professionals celebrate their companies’ decision to move all operations offsite or allow employees to work remotely, here’s what you need to know to ensure the decision does not come with unexpected costs and compliance challenges thanks to regulatory regimes still largely based on a business’ physical footprint that is increasingly inapplicable to the future of work.

Covid-19 Showed Employers Productive Telework Is Possible, and Employees Want To Keep the Flexibility

The Big Shift: In 2014, just 6 percent of respondents told Gallup they worked at least 20 hours each week from home. By the time pandemic shutdowns began nationwide in mid-March 2020, 31 percent of Americans were working remotely. In the weeks that followed, that number doubled. According to Pew Research, 90 percent of those who lost jobs due to COVID-19 shutdowns worked in industries or for organizations where telework was either not permitted or impossible. For Americans able to work virtually, technology provided job security – jobs they might have otherwise lost if Internet-based tools were unavailable. For employers, the promising results of this great remote work experiment means many are thinking employees could live anywhere, reducing relocation costs and expanding the talent pool nationwide.

Now What? With a return to normal appearing slowly on the horizon, organizations are preparing for what a future with reduced in-person office presence would look like. According to CNBC, 43 percent of employees said they would like to continue teleworking permanently. Employers sensed this trend, and by late March, 74 percent of company executives interviewed by Gartner said they anticipated at least 5 percent of their company workforces would telework after the pandemic concluded.

Indeed, many organizations have already begun that transition for great numbers of their employees. Most notably, Facebook, which had once given $10,000 bonuses to team members who lived within 10 miles of their offices, says it will now permanently shift tens of thousands of its employees to remote work. Other tech companies like Google, Twitter, and Shopify have also announced making virtual collaboration from home permanent, and because the industry often sets trends for top employers across the nation, many more will likely follow suit to compete for the best talent. However, as organizations cast a wider net in their recruiting and retention strategies, picking the best candidates from far and wide, there are hidden costs and complexities that may surprise them.

Before Moving Operations Online, Organizations Should Anticipate Compliance Costs and Confusion

Postcards from Paradise: Now unbound from their offices, teleworking employees have the opportunity to pick where they live, not based on where a job may be but on where they want to be. While employees may move to the Florida Keys or atop a mountain in Montana, their mobility comes at a price to their employers. The new virtual workspace will require organizations to be familiar with the rules governing a myriad of potential residences of their employees, both current and future. Benefits like workers’ compensation, disability insurance, and unemployment insurance vary wildly from state to state. So, too, do licensure and business registration requirements, which often are not clear because they were written for a physical world of business with storefronts and official offices, not for a virtual world. Organizations will now have to look into whether or not they’re required to register in each state where an employee lives, which means that 12 employees living in 12 different states could potentially necessitate 12 different registrations, with such costs rising exponentially and unexpectedly for employers.

Even More Tax Men Come Calling: Another complication facing organizations considering virtual work options are the vastly different tax structures for different states and municipalities. Some states, like Texas and Florida, do not have state income tax. Then, there are issues with sales tax, as rates and what is taxable can differ wildly from locality to locality. These considerations include not only e-commerce transactions but also state and municipal sales taxes imposed on service-based offerings such as consulting or digital subscriptions. Still other locations have different withholding and pay stub requirements.

All of these can leave human resources and accounting departments scrambling to ensure they are constantly in compliance with thousands of different tax conditions simultaneously. When all the accounting is complete, many companies will face a shocking uptick in taxes owed and compliance costs – expenditures for which they might not have budgeted prior to a remote working shift. Indeed, many organizations choose their operating base on a location’s tax and regulatory environment. With team members scattered across the country, these considerations are no longer in the hands of corporate officers, but of employees who are moving with other considerations in mind.

Jurisdictional Confusion: A persistent concern among employers remains the correct application of rules that depend on number of employees within a firm, office location, or certain jurisdiction. For example, the Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA). Current regulations say that in order to receive qualified medical leave, an eligible employee must be “employed at a worksite where 50 or more employees are employed by the employer within 75 miles of that worksite.” This complicates matters for teleworking employees, whose employers may think that they are not covered by FMLA if they live elsewhere.

According to legal experts at Lowenstein Sandler, LLP, however, the employee’s worksite “is the office to which the employee reports and from which assignments are made,” not where the employee lives. “So, for example, the lone Massachusetts employee who works from her home, but who receives all of her work assignments from her supervisor in New York where the company employs more than 50 employees, may be eligible for FMLA leave,” Lowenstein explains, adding, “State leave laws may impose additional leave obligations upon employers.” Multiply that across various jurisdictions and a plethora of federal, state, and local work rules, which often conflict with each other, and companies shifting to remote work could face considerable legal and regulatory confusion.

Despite a Few Emerging Solutions, Policymakers Are Still Applying 20th Century Rules to 21st Century Work

Practical Solutions: In one of the country’s regions most devastated by coronavirus, business advocates have come up with solutions to navigate each state’s tax laws for employees working from home. There’s a growing movement in the tristate area of New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut to allow for reciprocity, so employees can avoid paying taxes in multiple states as they work from home for an extended period. Illinois already has a similar arrangement with nearby states, so employees working there but living in Kentucky, Michigan, Wisconsin, or Iowa may pay taxes where they live. Employees across America may soon demand the Illinois model, especially if they reside in states with low or no income tax but work in states that charge it.

20th Century Rules Meet A 21st Century Workforce: Most of the rules and regulations governing labor in the U.S. originate from 20th century practices and standards. However, the future of work was changing even before the pandemic, and with the American workforce increasingly going virtual, compliance requirements must change, too. This leaves organizations in a tough spot: their workforce demands the kind of flexibility that working from home provides, while the laws and regulations make delivering these benefits difficult, time-consuming, and expensive. As companies try to adapt while maintaining compliance, mistakes are inevitable, leaving them exposed to reputational and legal challenges.

No More HQ2 Competitions? This shift to a more remote workforce could also add complications for states, counties, and cities, who for years have wooed businesses to their territory for the promise of tax income and jobs. Now, employees can vote with their feet, regardless of where the business chooses to locate its headquarters. This shift in power dynamics means something like the Amazon HQ2 competition may be a relic of the past.

Work from home is here to stay, and in the months ahead, we will discover just how many Americans will maintain their telework flexibility. As organizations modify their practices to accommodate this trend, they will have to navigate a compliance landscape that is more complicated than they may have realized. They will also need to consider new challenges that can arise as a result. By understanding these challenges ahead of time, leaders will be able to save themselves time, money, and headaches while creating a safe, desirable workplace that keeps current team members happy and recruits the best and brightest, too.

And the Rockets’ Red Glare

Here’s What You Need to Know

As our nation celebrates its 244th birthday, we remember the tremendous achievements of our country and the great sacrifices made by many men and women to ensure America remains strong, independent, and free. While our 2020 festivities may look different than years past, they may still involve the time-honored tradition of fireworks illuminating the night sky.

These days, however, a lot more goes into creating fireworks than imagined by the Chinese monks who accidentally invented them more than 1,000 years ago. In our modern times, bringing fireworks to the people requires navigating a complex public affairs environment that is  a far cry even from 1777, when John Adams suggested we celebrate America’s freedom with “Bonfires and Illuminations.”

Between a complex regulatory landscape, competing pressures from a diverse array of stakeholders, a supply chain reliant on China, and an operating landscape impacted by COVID-19 and recent social unrest, the fireworks industry’s public affairs challenges may seem all too familiar to many of you. So if you are like 80% of Americans hoping to watch some much needed “Bonfires and Illuminations” for Independence Day, here is what you need to know about the challenges the industry navigated to brighten your holiday.

  • Complex Regulations That Vary Greatly Across State And Local Jurisdictions: Just as fireworks colors and displays vary wildly, so too do the laws that regulate them. At the federal level, fireworks are regulated by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) and are defined by two categories: “display fireworks” and “consumer fireworks.” At the state level, most states permit some or all types of “consumer” fireworks, but three states (Illinois, Ohio, and Vermont) limit them to sparklers and other novelties, and one state (Massachusetts) bans the use of consumer fireworks all-together. Within states, many counties, cities, and towns set their own additional rules on the purchase and use of fireworks. It is important for suppliers and consumers alike to be aware of the laws, which often include age and time restrictions.
  • Pressures From A Broadening Range Of Stakeholders With Competing Interests: Despite being largely viewed by Americans as a fun summer activity, the pyrotechnics industry has faced mounting pressure by a diverse array of activists with a range of concerns. Environmentalists complain air pollution and alleged traces of chemicals that could be harmful to animals or bodies of water. Other pushback has come from veterans’ groups worried about fireworks triggering PTSD in veterans, as well as animal rights activists who claim the loud explosions can spook pets, causing them to run away. These advocates often argue that Americans should seek alternatives to fireworks, like laser light shows or limiting flames to the barbeque grill.
  • Potential Tariffs And Other Supply Chain Challenges: While most see fireworks as a quintessential American tradition, nearly 95 percent of the fireworks that are detonated in the U.S are imported from China. That is why many in the industry were concerned last summer as President Trump considered including fireworks in a round of tariffs on Chinese imports. Ultimately, they were excluded from the list, but the reliability and safety of its supply chain remains a challenge for the industry. Companies must constantly evaluate the reputability of Chinese suppliers, and remain on-guard for potential counterfeiting that could endanger consumers. Because of the high demand and hyper seasonal nature of the industry, many fireworks suppliers place their orders a year in advance—which has saved suppliers from COVID-19 related inventory issues, but that left the industry exposed to other economic impacts from the virus.
  • Economic Impact Of COVID-19 Lockdowns and Cancellations: Because many suppliers place orders a year in advance, many are now vulnerable to oversupply issues as lockdowns and social distancing regulations have many municipalities cancelling their annual Fourth of July fireworks events. This reality has been extremely painful for businesses that execute professional displays, with one Pennsylvania based company losing over 400 of their events this year, and leaving it unclear if companies in this industry can survive until next year without assistance from the federal government. In contrast, consumer fireworks retailers’ sales have boomed more than 200% higher than last year.
  • Caught In The Middle Of A Social Movement: Like many brands trying to do and say the right things in the current moment, fireworks have become an unintended flash point. In densely populated areas, 9-11 call centers have been overwhelmed by calls complaining about unauthorized fireworks. Some panicked residents are falling prey to conspiracy theories, fearful it could be coordinated police responses, attempts to frame minorities, the early signs of an impending civil war, or gun violence. The reality, though, may be much simpler, with officials pointing to boredom after months of quarantine leading to early, unauthorized observances of the summer holiday. In a time when even such long-held traditions can have new meaning – real or imagined – public affairs professionals must be mindful of how their product is perceived by the public.

With many communities canceling traditional fireworks displays due to the ongoing pandemic, Americans have flocked to the stores to buy their favorite bottle rockets, sparklers, and Roman candles, causing further public safety concerns the pyrotechnic industry and its public affairs representatives may need to address. So, as you safely enjoy fireworks displays with friends and family, remember the pyrotechnic industry has carefully navigated regulatory and reputational terrain that is all too familiar to those in other less explosive industries just to bring us these bright displays in celebration of our Independence.

From all of us here at Delve, have a happy and safe Fourth of July!

P.S. – Want an even greater information advantage at your holiday soiree? Check out 2019’s examination of the plant-based meats joining Independence Day barbeques across the nation, or 2018’s look at the reputational scrutiny facing Bourbon.

Let There Be Flight

Here’s What You Need To Know

With work and leisure plans suspended due to coronavirus, many Americans have canceled their flights or delayed future travel. According to Transportation Safety Administration (TSA) data, the number of passengers clearing TSA at airports each day fell from 2,122,898 on March 10, 2020 to just 124,021 by April 2,2020. Conde Nast Travel estimates there was an overall 95 percent drop in flying in the U.S. by mid-April, with more than half of all planes grounded at the height of the pandemic. In May, three small airlines shut down their shuttle service, which means that fewer short distance flights are now available to consumers, even as major airlines suspended operations in key markets.

Unfortunately, as we enter what would traditionally be the summer travel season, the pain felt by airlines is just beginning. Industry experts say current hardships are merely a harbinger of what is to come. Despite significant growth leading up to the pandemic, industry representatives say they “anticipate a long and difficult road ahead.” Airlines for America points out that it took three years for the industry to recover from the 9/11 terrorist attacks and more than seven years to return to normal after the 2008 financial crisis. With an unprecedented public health crisis whose remedy remains unclear, the industry must brace for years of financial uncertainty as customers continually assess the health risks of flying.

These challenges affect not only airlines but also the airports and businesses who support them. As air traffic lags, so, too, does the recovery for these elements of the air travel sector. Here’s what public affairs professionals working in this field need to know to prepare for the unique challenges posed by the “new normal” of air travel.

As Air Travel Returns, New Health and Safety Policies Create Risk of Another Kind of Viral Moment

Consumers Remain Concerned About Virus. Even as airlines institute new policies they say will ensure the safety and well-being of their customers, consumers may not be convinced these measures are enough. According to The Wall Street Journal, 85 percent of travelers now say cleanliness in airports and on airplanes would affect their decision to travel – as high a factor as ticket price. Industry officials say this is the first time they have seen any customer consideration factor as much as cost. As coronavirus infection rates ebb and flow, so, too, will customers’ willingness to go to airports and fly on planes.

Uneven Masking Rules Create Confusion – And Potential For Clashes. For those customers who elect to fly, the uneven application of masking rules can be very frustrating, leaving some worried about their safety on-board and others angry about the new requirements. These fears are exacerbated by the diverging policies among U.S. airlines, as some require face coverings only at boarding while others mandate consistent wear throughout the flight. There are also concerns about a lack of social distancing on some flights, since airlines are canceling many of them and as a result, some airlines are packing remaining flights.

Are Airlines Ready For Their Close Up? Airlines must also develop procedures to handle customers who refuse to adhere to coronavirus guidelines. In May, American Airlines began instructing their staff to avoid escalation with passengers once they have boarded by informing them of the masking policy, rather than actually enforcing it. Conversely, American Airlines, Jet Blue, and Hawaiian Airlines have said they are prepared to ban, whether temporarily or permanently, any customer who does not adhere to the airline’s masking policy. In the midst of current social unrest, passengers-turned-documentarians are just a single viral video away from creating a real public relations nightmare for airlines. This puts pressure on airline personnel who must stand ready to pacify customers irritated with each other and with the airlines themselves while simultaneously maintaining the safety of all on-board. Outbursts that disrupt travel could create reputational challenges all too familiar to the airline industry.

Social Distancing Comes At A Cost. While some airlines have created new systems to allow space in between seats, this accommodation can come at a cost to customers. Frontier Airlines faced blowback from members of Congress as it attempted to charge passengers an extra $39 fee to sit in a row that had no middle seat, ultimately rescinding its plan after federal lawmakers intervened. Now, American Airlines says it will start flying at full capacity next week, abandoning social distancing guidelines that kept middle seats empty and more space between customers.

Federal Support Brings New Scrutiny on Worker and Consumer Protection, and Renewed Climate Demands

CARES Act Saved Airline Jobs, But For How Long? With historic losses in passengers and profits, the airline industry secured financial relief in the CARES Act, which provided airlines $25 billion in taxpayer support under the conditions that they “keep at least 90% of workers employed through September, they will return one-third of the funds they receive, suspend stock buybacks and dividends, and limit executive pay.”

However, airlines are now acknowledging that after the September 30th deadline passes, many are planning to lay off employees. Philip Baggaley, the chief credit analyst for airlines at Standard & Poor’s, tells CNN he anticipates 95,000 to 105,000 jobs lost across the U.S. airline industry this fall. News from American Airlines supports this expectation, with the airline giant saying it will cut its management and support staff by 30 percent, or about 5,100 jobs. While these job cuts are a reality of lessened consumer and business demand for flights, it will still cause scrutiny and challenges for airlines that received taxpayer support with the expectation it would protect workers.

No Refund For Consumers Even As Taxpayers Foot The Bill. Missing from the legislation was any redress for customers whose flights had been canceled in response to the pandemic. Passengers instead have been offered vouchers with strict terms and potentially unrealistic expiration dates. So, while taxpayers foot the costs of industry relief, many have not been made whole for their canceled plans. Angst directed toward airlines for failure to return money to customers could compound frustrations towards companies that existed long before COVID-19 halted air travel – and had already spurred demands for new or expanded legislation to protect consumers.

And Don’t Forget Flight Shaming. In another source of scrutiny for the industry, during the CARES Act negotiations, some Democrats sought to force airlines to adopt more aggressive green initiatives to combat climate change. While such conditions were not ultimately included in the legislative package, climate change pressure on the industry began well before the pandemic began, and demands to enact carbon emissions offsets or reductions are likely to continue, driving up the costs for airlines and passengers when neither can afford it. Should the November elections shift party control in Washington, airlines can expect such demands to be renewed with a fervor.

Struggling Airports and Related Services Are Pushing for Their Own Relief, Even if It Means Higher Taxes for Travelers

Airport Struggles Could Lead To Tax Hikes. The pandemic has not only affected airlines, but also the airports and businesses who support them, too. According to the Airports Council International, airports worldwide are expecting a decline of more than 4.6 billion passengers, creating a $97 billion revenue loss for airports. In fact, airports have already lost nearly $40 billion in revenue. Despite receiving $10 billion in the CARES Act, airport revenue losses have already put large construction projects on hold. Because airports are typically funded through the combination of airline fees and taxes, this dramatic drop in air traffic could mean that airports may seek additional bailouts, or absent that relief, potentially seek local tax increases to recoup their losses. However, airlines are quick to point out consumers already pay nearly $7 billion annually in airport taxes, often as part of the ticket prices they pay.

Restaurant And Retail Concessions Hope To Board The Next Relief Bill. Meanwhile, airport restaurants and retailers say that the 95 percent decline in passengers in recent months have left them financially insolvent. “We’re trying to tell Congress that ‘You missed us. You totally overlooked concessionaires.’ We’re hoping and urging that they will provide relief,” Rob Wigington, executive director of the Airport Restaurant and Retail Association, said. To that end, these organizations are now asking Congress to ease the burden of just $38 million in April 2020 sales, compared to $825 million during the same time last year. The association, which represents companies employing 125,000 concession workers, says that just 5 percent of its workforce remained employed by May and that it would need $5 billion in loans and grants to stay afloat. Right now, additional coronavirus relief bills remain in flux, so industry representatives must urgently make the case they should be included.

The Airline Travel Industry Can Fly Right With an Information Advantage

While the $25 billion airline relief in coronavirus legislation was a victory for the industry, there are still many obstacles ahead. From hygiene on-board to fewer passengers in the skies and in the airports, the air travel industry must be prepared to convey their commitment to customers and their willingness to adapt to the new way of travel while navigating heightened reputational scrutiny. With competitive intelligence, public affairs professionals in the industry can anticipate and mitigate these risks while advancing the interests of their companies’ and coalitions’ efforts to keep Americans at work and in flight.

The Forthcoming Pandemic of Litigation

Here’s What You Need To Know

As Americans begin returning to some semblance of normal life, organizations have more to consider than simply how to resume their usual operations and stay afloat in a shaky economy. Their actions leading up to, during, and after the coronavirus pandemic are now under a magnifying glass, as eager plaintiff’s attorneys prepare a tsunami of lawsuits and class action litigation to take advantage of the sympathy of the courts and frustrations of the public. Since the response to COVID-19 has affected Americans of all walks of life, trial lawyers will have little trouble finding plaintiffs for the cases they want to make.

As Congress considers the next steps it can or should take to help get Americans back to work, the debate over liability protections for businesses is heating up. While that debate remains ongoing, public affairs professionals must quickly mobilize to ensure their organizations or industries are included in reform legislation while simultaneously preparing their companies and industries for an onslaught in litigation. To help you understand and navigate this challenge, here’s what you need to know:

What Is Liability Reform, and Why Does It Matter?

What Is Under Debate: In the context of COVID-19, liability reform is meant to protect organizations against unreasonable lawsuits occurring as a result of the pandemic. For medical facilities like nursing homes and hospitals, lawsuit protection is especially crucial, as they have faced exceptional strains on their health care systems due to labor and resource shortages amid heightened demand. Manufacturers say they also deserve relief from potentially onerous liability, as they quickly retooled their operations to make needed products for the first time, such as personal protective equipment. And small businesses worry that, should employees or customers contract COVID-19 despite their best efforts to maintain safe and hygienic facilities, their organizations could crumble under the costs associated with fighting lawsuits. However, labor unions and trial lawyers say corporations already enjoy too much protection under the law, and liability reform would only further inhibit employees’ and the public’s rights to access the courts for financial remedy.

Why It Matters: Business advocates have long argued that tort reform, legislation that restricts excessive or meritless litigation, improves productivity, lowers consumer costs, and increases employment opportunities. In the midst of an extraordinary public health crisis, advocates say that such efforts are not necessary merely for success but also for survival for many organizations. Coalitions ranging from the National Restaurant Association to the National Retail Federation pointed out in a letter they sent to lawmakers that “without Congressional action, the threat of litigation will mire our recovery and negatively impact the economy writ large by injecting great uncertainty and risk into the ability of our businesses to operate during the pandemic.” The U.S. Chamber of Commerce argues that without significant liability reform, businesses will lack the confidence to reopen, exacerbating America’s current economic hardships. On the other side, powerful labor unions and trial lawyer groups stand ready to fight any measure they believe artificially limits workers’ ability to sue their employer.

The outcome of this battle could determine if and how the economy begins to rebound after artificial shutdowns saw nearly 40 million Americans unemployed and hundreds of thousands of businesses shuttered. As business magnate and former Democratic presidential hopeful Michael Bloomberg noted, “It’s essential that companies take actions that protect their employees,” but “Even those that take every conceivable precaution … will face unprecedented liability concerns that could paralyze investment and prevent them from rehiring workers they may have laid off or furloughed.”

While Congress Debates, States Are Leading the Way

The State of the Capitol Hill Debate: Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-KY) has been vocal about the need to pass meaningful liability reform to stave off frivolous lawsuits, arguing a “lack of protection for businesses owners from lawsuits related to the coronavirus would ‘dramatically slow’ the economic recovery.” Republicans on Capitol Hill have said they will not consider any forthcoming coronavirus response bills that do not prominently feature measures to protect businesses from frivolous lawsuits. The White House has indicated President Trump is supportive of Congressional GOP efforts to mandate liability reform as a part of any future coronavirus legislation.

While Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY) has minimized such an effort as merely creating “immunity for big corporations,” some Congressional Democrats have vocalized a willingness to consider litigation protection in future COVID-19 legislation. According to The Wall Street Journal, Rep. Ro Khanna (D-CA) is “pushing legislation that would require OSHA to force companies to develop worksite-specific coronavirus-protection plans,” and that he is “open to a liability shield for companies that comply with strong mandates.” On the other side of the aisle, Rep. Michael Turner (R-OH) has introduced legislation to shield employers from lawsuits associated with employees catching COVID-19 after returning to work, so long as the employer is abiding by state and federal laws.  

States Are Already Providing Protections, Especially To Healthcare Industry: While federal lawmakers weigh different legislative options, states are taking matters into their own hands. Governor Gary Hebert (R-UT) has signed what may be the broadest protections into law so far, “provid[ing] businesses liability protection stemming from an individual contracting coronavirus on their property,” which ensures business owners are “immune from civil liability for damages or an injury resulting from exposure of an individual to COVID-19” that occurs on their premises, as long as there is no reckless or intentional infliction of harm.

Time Magazine reports that at least 15 states led by governors of both parties have implemented liability protection for nursing homes, maintaining exception for “gross negligence and willful misconduct.” In New York, the state’s hospital association secured special protection from both civil lawsuits and criminal prosecution, as the health care system was overwhelmed by the worst outbreak of COVID-19 in the U.S. While they’re not immune to prosecution for intentional misconduct or gross negligence, medical professionals and facilities are protected from liability concerning “decisions resulting from a resource of staffing shortage.”

Democratic governors in Illinois and Michigan, not typically known for their support of tort reform, have enacted measures to protect health care professionals during the pandemic. Meanwhile, Republican legislators in Louisiana are pushing a bill that would provide liability coverage to health care workers, some real estate owners, and certain companies for actions taken during the pandemic. In Massachusetts, state legislators are considering offering liability immunity to higher education institutions who have offered emergency aid. 

Pandemic-related Lawsuits Could Impact Recovery for Years

The Lawsuit Pandemic Has Already Begun: In an editorial, The Wall Street Journal points out that the lawsuit pandemic is already well underway, explaining, “Trial lawyers are filing suits against emergency-supply manufacturers (false advertising), colleges (refusal to refund student fees), cruise lines (emotional distress), retailers (wrongful death), nursing homes (negligence), and governments (denial of hazard pay)—and much more.” Even in the early days of the pandemic, trial lawyers had begun filing class action lawsuits against a wide array of institutions and industries. Some plaintiffs are angry that airlines are providing credits instead of refunds to their customers, while others claim that they were wrongfully denied federal stimulus payments. The entertainment industry is already being hit, with SXSW organizers facing a lawsuit for its refusal to refund tickets due to the festival’s cancellation. Law 360 says these cases are only the tip of the iceberg, with Adam Levitt, a partner at Chicago-based plaintiff’s firm DiCello Levitt Gutzler LLP, telling the outlet they’ve “never been busier.”

Lawsuits Are A Multi-Year Process: With or without liability protection, lawsuits that do move forward may take many years, costing both sides an inordinate amount of time and money. In fact, there is significant historical precedence for protracted legal battles lasting long after catastrophes and crises take place. These cases can take many years to make it through the courts. In fact, it took a group of 35 plaintiff’s attorneys more than 11 years to collect just $20 million in payments for 120,000 claims against the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and construction firms whose alleged failures resulted in widespread destruction during Hurricane Katrina. For a group of more than 150 home and business owners in New York, fires sweeping the Rockaway Peninsula of New York City before or after Hurricane Sandy meant spending seven years fighting two of the state’s utility companies through multiple courts just to secure a jury trial for their claim. As businesses and governments spend time and money on these suits, they are not focused on the recovery.

An Ounce of Prevention is Worth the Investment: Savvy public affairs professionals have anticipated this lawsuit pandemic since COVID-19 began. They understand the tremendous financial and reputational damage that lawsuits both valid and frivolous could pose to their companies and industries, and they know that being armed with the best information possible is key to weathering the storm. Every organization needs a competitive intelligence advantage to make the case to lawmakers that they should be included in any reform legislation and to protect themselves against litigation risk. Delve can help by going deep beneath the surface of the news to find out which industries and companies are being targeted and why. We use a custom approach to uncover the motivations and organizing tactics of those posing a risk to organizations, as well as the teams they’re assembling to make it happen, ensuring you are well-positioned to prepare for the risks and fight back successfully should they arise.

Delving in Together: Regulatory Relief Will Lead the Recovery

Graham Nash of Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Young fame once wrote, “Rules and regulations, who needs them? Open up the door. We can change the world.” While the hippie crooner likely had other ideas in mind, he wasn’t wrong in his claim that excessive regulatory burdens stifle innovations for our country, our communities, and our lives.

Never before has this struggle been clearer than in the coronavirus crisis. We have seen federal, state, and local governments roll back rules that stalled the delivery of medical services or blocked access to important products. We have also discovered that rules governing particular industries might do more harm than good. And we have learned that many day-to-day regulations meant to direct human behavior are perhaps unnecessary after all.

While the country of course needs some degree of regulation to safeguard our people and our economy, the pandemic pause of regulations offers the promise of sanity and simplification in the future. As policymakers take a closer look at which of these rules are actually useful in serving American interests and which stand in the way of meeting America’s needs, we’ve compiled a greatest hits album of pandemic-related regulatory relief.

The federal government has reversed dozens of rules since the coronavirus pandemic began.

  • Freeing health care workers to cross boundaries – online and IRL (in real life): As the deadly reality of COVID-19 became apparent, the federal government acted swiftly to ease rules on the health care industry, hoping to extend more options for patients and providers. To provide support for coronavirus hotspots in dire need of qualified medical personnel, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) waived state licensure requirements for health care providers wishing to serve where they were most needed. Meanwhile, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) announced that seniors could now take advantage of a wide range of telehealth services, irrespective of where they lived. HHS also encouraged the use of telehealth options, permitting health care providers to use video platforms like FaceTime and Zoom to safely serve their patients.
     
  • Getting supplies and technology to those who need it: In mid-March, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) began allowing private companies to advertise COVID-19 tests directly to the general public in efforts to address test kit scarcity. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) also granted permission for Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. territories to purchase personal protective equipment from foreign suppliers, a reversal of a nearly century-old regulation enacted by the Hoover Administration.
     
  • Flexibility in flight and on the open road: In the midst of an unprecedented public health crisis, the reliable transportation of vital goods has become especially important. As a result, the Department of Transportation has lifted hours of service regulations that will create greater flexibility for truck drivers delivering medical supplies, equipment, or food. Meanwhile, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) has eased liquid limitations to allow passengers to travel with up to 12 ounces of liquid hand sanitizers in their carry-on bags until further notice.
     
  • Educational flexibility works: Widespread closures of college campuses have caused the Department of Education to rethink its rules governing higher education. They announced in mid-March that they had granted “broad approval” to schools wishing to be exempt from federal standards on calendars and course schedules as they enacted “distance learning” programs to open virtual classroom alternatives. Acknowledging the unique financial pressures on students, the Department of Education also permitted colleges and universities to extend current financial aid eligibility for students who qualify for federal work-study and Pell grants, even if they aren’t on campus.

States and cities led by both Republicans and Democrats also embraced regulatory relief.

  • It turns out adults are responsible enough to buy alcohol and takeout: With hundreds of millions of Americans stuck at home, the restaurant industry stood ready to provide meals – if only they could. In many places, regulations on delivery, takeout, and the sale of alcohol made it difficult. So, governors and mayors stepped in. In New York, Governor Andrew Cuomo announced that bars, restaurants, distilleries, and wineries could offer alcohol for takeout orders. In New York City, City Hall waived a rule that prevented delivery workers from using e-bikes to transport orders. And in Boston, city officials waived existing regulations to allow all restaurants to offer takeout, even if they did not have a license to provide the service.
     
  • Trucks that deliver booze are also capable of delivering food: In Texas, Governor Greg Abbott reversed a longstanding rule that prevented alcohol delivery trucks from delivering supplies to grocery stores. In doing so, he provided another way for grocery stores to keep their shelves stocked. In another move to ease transportation regulations, Governor Abbott waived certain commercial trucking regulations to “expedite commercial vehicle delivery of more supplies.”
     
  • Expanding patient access to health care providers: Echoing efforts from the federal government to loosen the regulatory stranglehold on the health care industry, state governments also offered relief to the medical field. In New York, Governor Cuomo expanded “scope-of-practice” rules to permit physician assistants, nurse anesthetists, and nurse practitioners to perform jobs they’ve trained to do without additional supervision. In Washington, the government is allowing out-of-state health practitioners to practice without a license from their state. To deal with increased pressure on pharmacies, Pennsylvania now permits out-of-state pharmacies to ship goods into the state, while they also allowed pharmacy supervision to be conducted by phone or computer. While patients cannot see their providers, the Alabama Board of Pharmacy is temporarily allowing pharmacies to process emergency refills on essential medications. And in North Carolina, their Department of Health and Human Services temporarily lifted a rule requiring hospitals to receive permission from the state government to add more beds, the first reversal of the state’s “Certificate of Need” laws in decades.

With political will, some of the sound policy solutions detailed above could become more than short-term remedies, cutting red tape that has long delayed or prevented the delivery of patient-centered care. However, more common-sense regulatory rollbacks are needed for the recovery, most immediately to fortify our health care industry. For example:

  • Reform regulations to expand access to care: A number of scholars have pointed to further regulatory strangleholds that limit access to care by restricting medical professionals’ ability to practice. Competitive Enterprise Institute experts suggest states expand their “scope of practice” laws, which would allow qualified health care workers to perform functions that will be curtailed due to an anticipated physician shortage. Cato Institute is even more ambitious, arguing that licensure laws should be reformed to the point that they’re eliminated all-together. On the technology front, Cato Institute calls for the FDA to expedite its emergency use authorization of a new ventilator, as bureaucratic delays have stymied innovation and can cost lives.
     
  • New lifesaving drugs need a streamlined regulatory process: Hoover Institute scholars Charles L. Cooper and David R. Henderson argued in The Wall Street Journal the FDA should revoke its efficacy requirement for new drugs to speed up the delivery of vital therapeutics. They point to a regulation enacted in 1962 that forces companies to prove both the safety and efficacy of new drugs. Before, companies had only been required to provide assurance that new drugs were safe for patients. Now, this two-hurdle system delays the availability of medicine as researchers await clinical trials that confirm new medicine is not only safe but also conclusively effective at treating an illness. Experts say that if individual patients and their providers feel that proposed regimens are safe for use, they should be allowed to try them.
     
  • Loosen rules on diagnostic tests so professionals can perform more of them: If coronavirus has taught us anything, it’s the value of widespread testing to control the outbreak of a virus. With testing, health care professionals can treat and isolate infected people, protecting the general public as the sick patient recovers. That’s why the Competitive Enterprise Institute says FDA regulators should stop requiring premarket approval for laboratory-developed diagnostic tests. “The FDA has used its enforcement discretion to waive the premarket review requirement for tests developed and used exclusively within a single laboratory, known as ‘laboratory developed tests’ (LDTs). However, when the Secretary of Health and Human Services declares an official public health emergency, the agency does require premarket approval for LDTs, though it will grant an expedited Emergency Use Authorization for LDTs that meet the necessary criteria…The FDA should permanently waive the premarket approval requirement for LDTs, and Congress should write the exemption into the statute.”

All of this regulatory relief did not happen in a vacuum. These positive steps were made possible in part by industry representatives passionately making the case to decisionmakers that, if unhindered by superfluous rules, the companies they represent could better contribute to our country’s public health and economic security. Policymakers agreed.

By removing regulatory barriers, government officials are implicitly acknowledging that a number of regulations on the books are not necessary to safeguard the American public. Instead, cumbersome rules can inhibit progress, especially at times when it is needed most. In the weeks ahead, policymakers will make further regulatory adjustments to meet the immediate needs of those they serve. And after this crisis is over, they should thoughtfully examine which rules can be permanently revised or repealed so that our country and our states are never in this position again.

While policy experts have largely focused on reducing unnecessary regulations in health care, expect rules governing a variety of industries to be reviewed in the months ahead to aid in the economic recovery. As policymakers develop new regulations and update current rules, informed and trustworthy public affairs professionals have an opportunity to make the case for responsible reforms to help revitalize their companies, coalitions, and industries. Those who have consistently invested in such efforts are best poised to shape these reforms and thwart unnecessary regulatory overreaches to this pandemic.

State of the Race, Net Nitro, and Impossible Until Done

Here’s What You Need To Know

Now that Joe Biden appears likely to be the Democratic nominee for president, the prevailing narrative is that Democratic voters rejected the more extreme, “democratic” socialism of Bernie Sanders and his political revolution in favor of a more moderate, centrist Democratic party represented by Biden. However, a closer examination reveals that assessment may not be true, and while Sanders may not ultimately win the nomination, his mark has been made indelibly on the policies and positions espoused by the Democratic party.

At Delve, we specialize in identifying challenges and opportunities for companies and organizations facing political and reputational risks. The policy and regulatory discussions dependent upon what happens in November could not be starker, so here is what you need to know about Sanders’ impact on the Democratic party, the key vulnerabilities of Biden as the nominee, and how it should change the way your organization prepares for this campaign season and beyond:

  • He May Not Be The Nominee, But Bernie Sanders Has Won The Ideological Debate For His Party’s Present And (At Least Near Term) Future: The U.S. Senate’s only socialist has shown himself to be the most impactful changemaker in the Democratic party – even though he is not actually a member of the party. That reality is clear from the party’s 2020 presidential primary, which has been less of a contest between moderates and progressives than between the establishment and the crusaders. Every candidate – supposedly spread across the ideological spectrum – has advocated or accepted policies long part of Sanders’ platform, such as Elizabeth Warren’s free college and Medicare for All plans, Tom Steyer’s $22 federal minimum wage (the others have settled for $15), and Pete Buttigieg’s and Michael Bloomberg’s endorsement of a financial transactions tax that would discourage investment in U.S. public companies and impact Americans’ investment and retirement accounts. Even Biden has not resisted the leftward lurch of Sanders’ party, going so far as to join Sanders as the only two candidates to call for jailing fossil fuel company executives over their firms’ contributions to climate change. Policies once unique to Sanders’ brand of “democratic” socialism have gone mainstream throughout the party, no matter whose names are up and down the ballot.
     
  • Biden’s Nomination Sets The Table For Trump To Run The 2016 Playbook All Over Again: In 2016, Trump was able to successfully leverage Hillary Clinton’s private email server and her and Bill Clinton’s entanglement of their private interests and foundation with her public service as Secretary of State to convince many Americans it was time to disrupt the way business is done in Washington. With Biden as the nominee, expect a repeat performance from Trump. Whether undermining Biden’s “Middle Class Joe” claim given the millions he’s made in and after serving in office; to the lucrative government contracts and access enjoyed by his brother and son-in-law; to his son Hunter’s shady business dealsconflicts of interest, and messy personal life, Trump is unlikely to hold back on the Biden brood in the way a different kind of candidate might try to shy away from attacking their opponent’s family.
     
  • If It Is 2016 All Over Again, Will Sanders’ Supporters Again Hurt Democrats’ Chances? In some ways, the 2020 Democratic primary campaign had the potential for a similar realignment in the Democratic voting base that Republicans saw with Donald Trump in 2016. And as with 2016, this realignment had the potential to throw out all of our assumed and conventional wisdom on who is likely going to vote and for whom they are likely to vote – if Bernie Sanders were to become the nominee. Now that such a scenario is unlikely, does Sanders’ base get excited and turn out to vote for Joe Biden or do they stay home and not vote – or maybe even vote for Donald Trump? In 2016, as many as 12% of Sanders’ supporters voted for Trump over Hillary Clinton. In Michigan, Wisconsin, and Pennsylvania, “Trump’s margin of victory over Clinton was smaller than the number of Sanders voters who” voted for Trump. Sanders’ voters’ dissatisfaction with the establishment victory in the primary may once again provide an opportunity for Trump and Republicans in the general election.

As we warned in Spring of 2016, any prognosticator or pundit who claims to know what will happen in November is being less than truthful. For companies and organizations seeking to mitigate the political risks stemming from the 2020 campaign, the best way to prepare for whatever happens next is to gain a deeper understanding of the operating landscape that provides analysis of key trends and insights that separate the signal from the deluge of campaign season noise. Conventional wisdom must be scrutinized, because as the post-2016 environment has shown, the challenges and opportunities of today’s public arena are anything but conventional.

News You Can Use

NET NITRO

We can thank Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Chairman Ajit Pai for a little trip down memory lane to one of the most high-profile and bitter public policy fights in recent memory. The hysteria surrounding net neutrality was perfectly captured when Pai shared a tweet from Senate Democrats’ two years prior that promised slower internet if net neutrality was repealed. But as Pai notes, the reality is that the “average U.S. fixed broadband speeds are UP over 76% according to [internet metrics company] Ookla.”

Contrary to the partisan doomsday predictions of the “end of the internet,” the internet is alive and thriving, surviving an exaggerated death that would even perhaps make Mark Twain blush. The lesson for interests engaging in public policy fights two years out from net neutrality is this: public affairs campaigns that aren’t built on a foundation of facts are futile, no matter how loud, noisy, and persistent they may be.

 IMPOSSIBLE UNTIL DONE 

As speculated in an edition of TL;DR last summer, it was only a matter of time before meat companies entered the burgeoning plant-based “meat” alternatives space. One of the world’s largest private companies, Cargill, announced that it’ll be launching its alternatives in April. Meat companies such as Tyson Foods and Smithfield Foods already sell plant-based products.

For those monitoring developments related to food, agriculture, and the regulation of meat alternatives, the launch of new products from large, legacy companies marks a key change in the public policy landscape. These established and influential companies can be expected to leverage their lobbying muscle, and rather than simply frustrate the designs of pioneering competitors such as Beyond Meat and Impossible Foods, they also may find themselves working together to enable a positive regulatory framework and further the success of their plant-based products.

GREENS’ WAY OR THE HIGHWAY

Did you think you were doing a good thing for the environment by conserving energy and water during a recent hotel stay? Well, the Sierra Club doesn’t think so. In an article criticizing Marriott hotels’ “Make A Green Choice” program that allows guests to receive loyalty points and perks by choosing to forgo housekeeping and reuse their sheets and towels, the group attacks the program and says the company isn’t doing enough to combat climate change.

The program has resulted in Marriott reducing its energy and water usage by 13.2% and 8% respectively, and greenhouse gas emissions by 16%, but the Sierra Club ignores these facts because they’re incompatible with the activist group’s desire to bully the company into submitting to its demands. Such an episode exposes the true nature of environmental activist groups, who spurn meaningful and reasonable change in the name of extreme and unreasonable demands, ultimately at the expense of the cause they supposedly seek.

NEXT GEN TEXT-FAKES

With the recent arrival of AI computer programs that can generate coherent passages of text, the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) is setting the stage for a transformation in communications, business, and more. These strides in language modeling mean chatbots and voice assistants that can do advanced tasks, as well as an infinite number of applications for businesses such as analyzing vast amounts of documents.

However, the promise of NLP is paired with the perils of similar programs in the hands of nefarious actors be they bots, trolls, scammers, state actors, and the like. Therefore, analyzing the veracity of information flows will be more important than ever as a component of mitigating the subsequent political and reputational risks.